When a country is not governed but ruled it is because there's either a system of autocratism, dictatorship or worse totalitarianism such as in China and North Korea. The system in Belarus is similar to those in Russia. Both countries are known for having the tradition of election fraud.

Alexander Grigoryevich Lukashenko is not a politician as described in Wikipedia because he has been the first and only ruler of Belarus since the establishment of the office on 20 July 1994.

Then, the country never had an civilian president. Lukashenko's background is military. He comes from the Soviet Army where he was a deputy political officer of the 120th Guards Motor Rifle Division, based in Minsk.

The cause of problems in or from Belarus is not politics. The cause of problems is 1 single person: Lukashenko who refuses to share power since 1994. Similar individuals are ruling Nicaragua, Syria, Cambodia, Uganda, North Korea, 

For in case you didn't know: the stealing of the presidential election results have led to EU sanctions, which Lukashenko retaliated by allowing migrants to enter Poland via his country. He launched what is known a hybrid war with the EU. The EU slapped him with a second package of sanctions. It is here where Putin stepped in by using Russian gas supply to Europe as a retaliatory weapon and by paving the way to a run-up for his re-invasion of Ukraine. But, the latter is another story you can watch and read here.